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    英语情态动词用法归纳[5篇范例]

    栏目:五号文库 来源:网络 作者:平静如水 时间:2024-06-27 03:14:40 下载.docx文档

    第一篇:英语情态动词用法归纳

    情态动词有具体的词义,但也同助动词一样,需要与其他词语一起构成句子的谓语,另外情态动词没有人称和数的变化,情态动词后必须跟动词原形。那么接下来给大家分享一些关于英语情态动词用法归纳,希望对大家有所帮助。

    英语情态动词用法归纳

    1.can 的用法:

    (1).表示能力、许可、可能性。表示能力时一般译为“能、会”,即有种能力,尤其是生来具备的能力,此时may 和must均不可代替它。如:She can swim fast, but I can’t.她能游得很快,但我不能。I can see with my eyes.我用眼睛看。

    (2).表示许可,常在口语中。如:You can use my dictionary.你可以用我的字典。

    (3).表示推测,意为“可能”,常用于否定句和疑问句中,此时can’t 译为“ 不可能”。如:Can the news be true? 这个消息会是真的吗?—Can it be our teacher?那个人有可能是我们老师吗?—No, it can’t be our teacher.He is on a visit to the Great Wall.不可能。咱们老师正在游览长城呢。

    【例题】—I think Miss Gao must be in the library.She said she would go there.—No.She __be there, I have just been there.A.can’t B.mustn’t C.needn’t D.wouldn’t

    【解析】根据下文“我刚去过那儿”可知,应为“ 不可能”,can’t 表示推测[答案] A

    2.could的用法:

    (1).can的过去式,意为“ 能、会”,表示过去的能力。如:He could write poems when he was 10.他十岁时就会写诗。

    (2).could在疑问句中,表示委婉的语气,此时 could 没有过去式的意思。如:Could you do me a favour? 你能帮我个忙吗?—Could I use your pen? 我能用一下你的钢笔吗? —Yes, you can.可以。(注意回答)

    3.may的用法:

    (1).表示请求、许可,比can 正式,如:May I borrow your bike? 我可以借你的自行车吗?You may go home now.现在你可以回家了。

    【例题】—_______ I borrow your MP3? —Sure.Here you are.A.May B.Should C.Must D.Would

    【解析】 在此处表示请求,意为“ 做……可以吗”。答案:A

    (2).表示推测,谈论可能性,意为“ 可能,或许”,一般用于肯定句中。如:It may rain tomorrow.明天可能会下雨。She may be at home.她可能在家呢.(3).may的过去式为might,表示推测时。可能性低于may。如:He is away from school.He might be sick.他离开学校了,可能是他生病了。

    (4).表示希望、祈求、祝愿,常可译为“祝愿”。通常是用may +主+V 例如:May you have a good time.祝你过得愉快。May you be happy!祝你幸福!May you succeed!祝你成功!

    4.must的用法:

    (1).must 表示主观看法,意为“必须、一定”。如:You must stay here until I come back.在我回来之前你必须呆在这儿。Must I hand in my homework right now? 我必须现在交作业吗?

    (2)其否定形式mustn’t表示“ 一定不要 ” “千万别” “禁止, 不许”.如:You mustn’t play with fire.你不许玩火。You mustn’t be late.你一定不要迟到。

    (3)对must引导的疑问句,肯定回答为must,否定回答为needn’t 或 don’t have to.如:—Must I finish my homework?我现在必须完成作业吗?—No, you needn’t.不,你不必。

    (4)must表示有把握的推测,用于肯定句。如: The light is on, so he must be at home now.灯亮着,他现在肯定在家。

    注意其反意问句的构成形式:

    当must表示肯定的判断、推测时,其反意疑问句要用实际问句的助动词来构成。如:She must have seen the film before,hasn’t she?(注意反意疑问句的后半部分)You must have met uncle Wang in the shop yesterday,didn’t you?(注意反意疑问句的后半部分)

    5.need的用法:

    (1).need 表示需要、必须,主要用于否定句和疑问句中,其否定形式为needn’t,意为“没有必要,不必”。用need 提问时,肯定回答为 must,否定回答为 needn’t或don’t have to。如:—Need I stay here any longer? 我还有必要留在这儿吗?—Yes, you must.是的。—No.you needn’t /don’t have to.不,你不必。

    (2).need 还可以作实义动词,此时有人称、数和时态的变化,如果是人作主语后边多接动词不定式。如:I need to do it right now.我需要马上做这件事。He needs to learn more about the girl.他需要多了解那个女孩。

    如果是物作主语,一般用need doing 与 need to be done这种情况下应注意两点:

    ①.主动形式的动名词doing具有被动的含义;②.该动名词可以改为其动词不定式的被动形式而句子的意义不变。例如:.The door needs painting.= The door needs to be painted.那扇门需要油漆一下。Your car needs mending.= Your car needs to be repaired.你的车需要维修了。

    6.dare 的用法:dare意为“敢、敢于”, 用法近似于need,有两种词性:

    (1)dare 作为情态动词,多用于否定句、疑问句或条件句中,无第三人称单数形式,只有一般现在时和一般过去时。如:Dare he tell them what he knows? 他敢告诉他们所知道的情况吗?I daren’t ask her – will you do it for me? 我可不敢问她,你能帮我问问吗?

    (2)dare 作为实义动词,此时有人称、数及时态的变化。如:He doesn’t dare to break his promise.他不敢食言。

    注意:在口语中,dare 的各种形式常与不带to 的不定式连用。如:Do you dare tell her what I said?

    你敢告诉她我说的话吗?I didn’t dare look at him.我不敢看他。

    英语情态动词讲解:

    一、九大情态动词的时态关系:

    1.现在式 can--过去式 could

    2.现在式 may--过去式 might

    3.现在式 shall--过去式 should

    4.现在式 will--过去式 would

    5.现在式 must--过去式 must(常用had to来代替)

    二、情态动词表示“可能”或“预测”

    (can, could, will, would, shall, should, must, ought to)

    (1)can 和 could 用于表示“可能”或“预测”:

    1.He can't be at home.他不可能在家。(否定句)

    2.Can the news be true? 这消息可能是真的吗?(将情态动词 can 置于主语 the news 前就成疑问句)

    3.Anybody can make mistake.任何人都可能犯错误。(只表示理论上的可能性)

    (2)may 和 might 用于表示“事实上的可能性”或“预测”:

    1.It may rain tomorrow.(表示可能会发生)明天可能会下雨。

    2.It may snow later this afternoon.(表示预测)今天下午可能会下雪。

    3.You might be right.(表示有可能)你可能是对的。

    (3)will 和 would 用于表示“预测”或“习惯性”:

    1.I think he will be all right now.我想他现在一定好了。(will be 表示一定会)

    2.That would be his mother.那肯定是他母亲。(would be 表示肯定是)

    3.He will sit there hour after hour looking at the river.他经常一连几个小时坐在那儿看着河水。(will 表示经常的)

    (4)shall 和 should 用于表示“必定”:

    1.I shall be rich one day.(shall be)总有一天我会发达的。

    2.That should be Sam and his mother.(should be)那准是Sam和他的母亲。

    (5)must 用于表示“必定”,“必会”:

    1.This must be good for you.(must be 肯定)这肯定对你是有益的。

    2.All mankind must die.(表示必然会发生的事)所有的人一定会死的。

    3.Mustn't there be a mistake?(mustn't 多用于疑问句)那肯定会有错误吗?

    三、情态动词表示“许可”、“请求”

    (can, could, will, would, shall, should, may, might, must)

    (1)can 和 could 用于表示“许可”、“请求”:

    1.Can I go with you?(请求)我能跟你一起走吗?

    2.Father said I could go to cinema.(表示过去的许可)爸爸说我可以去看电影。

    3.Could I ask you something?(请求,用 could 比 can 更婉转)我可以问你一件事吗?

    (2)will 和 would 用于表示“请求”

    1.Will you kindly tell me the way to the post office? 请问到邮局怎么走?(表示客气请求)

    2.Would you give me your address? 请你告诉我你的地址,好吗?(用would比will表示更客气)

    (3)shall 和 should 用于第一人称,表示征求对方的意见

    1.Shall we talk? 我们谈谈好吗?

    2.What should we do next?(用should 比 shall 表示更客气)下一步我们该怎么做?

    3.Shall he come to see you?(用于第三人称疑问句)要不要他来看你?

    (4)may 和 might 用于表示“许可”(口语中多用can)

    1.You may take a walk.(表示给予许可)你可以散散步。

    2.You might read the story for me.(比may更婉转)是否请给我读一读这故事。

    3.May I make a suggestion? 我可以提个建议吗?

    4.Might I take a look of your work? 我看看您的大作行吗?

    5.Students may not make noise in the library.(may not 表示不许可或禁止)

    学生不得在图书馆里吵闹。

    6.If I may say so, you are not right.(用于条件句,表示请求)

    你是不对的,如果我可以这么说的话。

    (5)must 用于表示“禁止”,“不准”:

    1.Cars must not be parked here.(must not表示不许可)此地不准停车。

    2.All of you mustn't fishing in the pool.(must not 语气方面比 may not 更强)

    你们不准在池里钓鱼。

    情态动词用法归纳:

    一、can, could

    1)表示能力(体力、知识、技能)。

    Can you lift this heavy box?(体力)

    Mary can speak three languages.(知识)

    Can you skate?(技能)

    此时可用be able to代替。Can只有一般现在时和一般过去式;而be able to则有更多的时态。

    I’ll not be able to come this afternoon.当表示“经过努力才得以做成功某事”时应用be able to,不能用Can。如:

    He was able to go to the party yesterday evening in spite of the heavy rain.2)表示请求和允许。

    -----Can I go now?

    -----Yes, you can./ No, you can’t.此时可与may互换。在疑问句中还可用could,might代替,不是过去式,只是语气更委婉,不能用于肯定句和答语中。

    ----Could I come to see you tomorrow?

    ----Yes, you can.(No, I’m afraid not.)

    3)表示客观可能性(客观原因形成的能力)。

    They’ve changed the timetable, so we can go by bus instead.This hall can hold 500 people at least.4)表示推测(惊讶、怀疑、不相信的态度),用于疑问句、否定句和感叹句中。

    Can this be true?

    This can’t be done by him.How can this be true?

    二、may, might

    1)表示请求和允许。might比 may语气更委婉,而不是过去式。否定回答时可用can’t

    或mustn’t,表示“不可以,禁止”。

    ----Might/ May I smoke in this room?

    ----No, you mustn’t.----May/Might I take this book out of the room?

    ----Yes, you can.(No, you can’t / mustn’t.)

    用May I...?征徇对方许可时比较正式和客气,而用Can I...?在口语中更常见。

    2)用于祈使句,表示祝愿。

    May you succeed!

    3)表示推测、可能性(不用于疑问句)。

    might不是过去式,它所表示的可能性比may小。

    1.He may /might be very busy now.2.Your mother may /might not know the truth.三、must, have to

    1)表示必须、必要。

    You must come in time.在回答引出的问句时,如果是否定的,不能用mustn’t(禁止,不准),而用needn’t, don’t have to(不必).----Must we hand in our exercise books today?

    ----Yes, you must.----No, you don’t have to / you needn’t.2)must是说话人的主观看法,而have to则强调客观需要。Must只有一般现在时,have to 有更多的时态形式。

    1.he play isn’t interesting, I really must go now.2.I had to work when I was your age.3)表示推测、可能性(只用于肯定的陈述句)

    1.You’re Tom’s good friend, so you must know what he likes best.2.Your mother must be waiting for you now.四、dare, need

    1)dare作情态动词用时, 常用于疑问句、否定句和条件从句中, 过去式形式为dared。

    1.How dare you say I’m unfair?

    2.He daren’t speak English before such a crowd, dare he?

    3.If we dared not go there that day,we couldn’t get the beautiful flowers.2)need 作情态动词用时, 常用于疑问句、否定句。在肯定句中一般用must, have to, ought to, should代替。

    1.You needn’t come so early.2.----Need I finish the work today?

    ----Yes, you must./ No, you needn’t.3)dare和 need作实义动词用时,有人称、时态和数的变化。在肯定句中,dare后面常接带to的不定式。在疑问句和否定句中,dare后面可接带to或不带to的不定式。而need后面只能接带to的不定式。

    1.I dare to swim across this river.2.He doesn’t dare(to)answer.3.He needs to finish his homework today.

    第二篇:情态动词的基本用法

    情态动词的基本用法

    情态动词的特点

    1.没有人称和数的变化。

    2.有些情态动词有过去式的变化:

    will → would , can → could , may→ might , dare → dared

    can(could)

    1.表示能力。

    Two eyes can see more than one.2.表示允许。

    Can I have a look at your new pen?

    Can(Could)you lend me a hand?

    3.表惊异、怀疑、不相信等态度。主要用于否定句、疑问句或感叹句中。

    Where can(could)they have gone to?

    He can’t(couldn’t)be over sixty.How can you be so careless?

    4.表示猜测(肯定句把握较小;否定句几乎为100%把握)

    The temperature can fall to 10℃.You can’t be serious.may(might)

    1.表允许,might是may的过去式;用在疑问中比may委婉、客气。

    You may take whatever you like.He told me that I might smoke in the room.2.表可能(事实上)。语气不肯定。

    He may be at home.他可能在家。

    She may not know about it.I am afraid they might not agree with him.They might be having a meeting, but I’m not sure.must

    1.表必须(主观意志)

    We must do everything we can to help him.You mustn’t talk to her like that.--Must we hand in our exercise books now?

    --No, you needn’t./ No, you don’t have to.2.表示很有把握的推断,意为“想必、准是、一定”等,只用于肯定句。have(has)to:

    have(has)got to 必须, 不得不。过去式为had to。

    He must be ill.He looks so pale.She must have a lot of money, for she drives a BMW.shall

    1.表征询意见,用于第一、第三人称疑问句。

    Shall I get you some tea?

    Shall the boy wait outside?

    It's a fine day.Let's go fishing, shall we?

    2.表说话人的意愿,有“命令、允诺、警告、决心”等意思,用于第二、第三人称陈述句。

    You shall do as I say.(命令)

    You shall have the English book as soon as I finish it.(允诺)

    He shall be sorry for it one day, I tell you.(警告)

    Everything that he owns shall be taken away from him.(决心)

    will

    1.表意愿,用于各种人称陈述句。

    I will do anything for you.If you will read the book, I’ll lend it to you.2.表请求,用于疑问句。

    Don't smoke in the meeting room, will you?

    Won’t you drink some more coffee? 3.表示某种倾向或习惯性动作。

    Fish will die out of water.The door won’t open.would

    1.表意愿。

    They would not let him in because he was poorly dressed.2.表委婉地提出请求、建议或看法。

    Would you like another glass of beer?

    3.表过去反复发生的动作或过去的一种倾向。

    Every time she was in trouble, she would go to him for help.should

    1.表义务。意为“应该”,用于各种人称。

    You should listen to the doctor's advice.你应该听从医生建议的。

    You should study the article carefully.你应该仔细读那篇文章。

    2.表推测,意为“想必一定、照说应该、估计”等。

    The film should be very good as it is starring first-class actors.那部电影想必很棒,都是一流的演员。

    They should be home by now.现在他们应该已经到家了 ought to

    1.意为“应该”,口气比should稍重。

    Ought you to smoke so much? 你应该抽这样多烟吗?

    You ought to write to the mayor.您应该给市长写信。

    2.表推测,暗含很大的可能。

    She ought to know his telephone number.她应该知道他的电话号码。

    used to

    过去常常, 现在不复发生或存在。

    The Greeks used to worship several gods.过去,希腊人崇奉好几种神。

    He used to smoke.他过去抽烟(现在不抽了)。

    情态动词的推测用法

    ⒈ 肯定句中:

    must(一定),may(可能),might/could(也许,或许)其语气的肯定程度依次递减。其中,might 和could并非过去时态,只是语气较为委婉或可能性较小 ⑴ 对当前行为、情况或状态的推测:

    must /may /might /could + do/be

    He must/may/might/could be in the reading room.他肯定/可能/也许在阅览室里。

    I must look funny in this hat.我戴这顶帽子看起来一定很滑稽。

    ⑵ 对此时此刻正在进行的动作的推测:

    must /may/ might/ could + be doing

    想必/可能正在……

    He must /may/ might/ could be watching TV at this time.他此时一定/可能/或许在看电视。

    They must be waiting for us.他们肯定在等着我们。

    ⑶ 对过去发生的事情的推测:

    must /may /might /could + have +过去分词

    想必/可能已经……

    They must have arrived by now.现在他们肯定已到了。

    You look very tired.You must have stayed up last night.看上去你很疲劳,你昨晚一定熬夜了。

    You may have read about it in the papers.你可能在报上已读到这件事了。

    ⑷ 过去的一段时间内一直在进行的动作:

    must/may /might/ could + have + been +doing

    想必/可能一直在……

    They are sweating all over.They must have been working in the fields.他们浑身是汗,准是在地里劳动来着。

    He may have been waiting for us for an hour.他可能等我们一小时了。

    2.否定句中:

    can/could not

    不可能,想必不会

    may/might not

    可能不

    ⑴对当前行为、情况或状态的推测:

    can/could not+动词原形

    不可能,想必不会

    may/might not +动词原形

    可能不

    He may not be busy now.也许他现在不忙。

    He can not be busy now.他现在一定不忙。

    He can’t be in the reading room.I saw him on the playground just now.他不可能在阅览室里,我刚看到他在操场上。

    ⑵对此时此刻正在进行的动作的推测:

    can/could not + be doing

    不可能,想必不会在干某事

    may/might not + be doing

    可能没在干某事

    They can’t be telling the truth.他们不可能在说真话。

    They may not be telling the truth.他们可能没在说真话。

    ⑶对过去发生的事情的推测:

    can/could not + have +过去分词

    不可能,想必不会做过某事

    may/might not + have +过去分词

    可能没干过某事

    He can’t have finished the work so soon.这项工作他不可能完成得这样快。

    He may not have achieved all his aims.But his effort is a good one.他可能没达到他的全部目的,但他还是认真做了努力的。

    ⑷过去的一段时间内一直在进行的动作:

    can’t /couldn’t/may not have been doing

    He can’t have been waiting for us so long.他不可能等我们那么长时间。

    3.疑问句中:

    常用can/could来表示说话人的猜疑、怀疑或不肯定的语气

    ⑴ 对当前行为、情况或状态的推测:

    can/could + 主语+ do/be

    Where can he be now?

    他现在会在哪里呢?

    Can it be true?

    那会是真的吗?

    ⑵ 对此时此刻正在进行的动作的推测:

    can/could +主语+ be doing

    It’s so late.Can Tom be reading?

    这么晚了,汤姆还在看书吗?

    What can he be doing?

    他可能在做什么呢?

    ⑶ 对过去发生的事情的推测:

    can/could +主语+have done

    Can she have told a lie?

    她会不会说谎了?

    Where can she have gone?

    她会上哪儿去了呢?

    情态动词的辨析

    need和dare

    1.用作情态动词

    Need he go yesterday? 昨天他有去的必要吗?

    I don’t think you need worry.She dare not go out alone at night.How dare you say I’m unfair?

    2.用作实义动词

    She needs the work done before tomorrow.她必须在明天以前找人完成这项工作。

    The table needs painting(to be painted.).I dare say he’ll come again.can 和be able to

    be able to 表示经过努力后, 能够做到;be able to 有多种形式的变化。

    can

    1.表示体力或脑力方面的能力;

    2.表示允许、可能性。

    could 是can的过去式, 表示过去有能力及过去存在的可能性;用于疑问句表示委婉地

    提出问题。

    1.The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone was able to get out.2.—Will you stay for lunch?

    —Sorry, I can’t.My brother is coming to see me.must和have to

    must表示主观意志,而have to表示由于客观因素。

    I told her that she must give up smoking.We had to get everything ready that night.would和used to

    1)used to “过去常常”, 与现在事实相反;would表过去意愿。

    People used to think that the earth was flat.She would go out for a walk in the morning when she was in the country.1.情态动词无论是表达“推测和可能性”,还是表达“虚拟”这一概念,只要是对过去

    已经发生的事

    情进行描述,一律用“情态动词+have done”这一结构;对现在或将来的事情进行

    描述,用“情态

    动词+动词或系动词原形”。

    2.should(not)/ ought(not)to在中表示根据常规或常识推测,表示“某事应该或不应该

    发生”,语气比must或can’t / couldn’t稍弱。

    3.can, could表达推测时,一般用于疑问句和否定句中;can用于肯定句中表示一种理论

    上的可能性,并不牵涉是否真的会发生,在这种用法中can只能与动词原形连用;could用于肯定

    句中,语气比

    may/ might更弱。

    4.must表达“情感、态度、语气”主要有以下用法:

    (1)表示主观的义务和必要,主要用于肯定句和疑问句,意思为“必须……,得……,要……”;由

    must引起的疑问句,肯定回答要用must或have to,否定回答要用needn’t或don’

    t have to,意

    思是“不必”。另外,must与have to都可以表示“必须”这一含义。must表示一

    易错点点拨:

    种主观的需要,而have to表示一种客观的需要,意思是“不得不”,其否定形式是don’ have to。

    (2)must用于条件句或疑问句中,可以用来表示责备、抱怨的感情色彩,意思为“偏要,硬要、干

    嘛”。

    5.在虚拟条件句中用以加强假设语气,表示“与将来事实相反的假设”,用 If+主语+

    should +动词

    原形,当“万一(会)”讲。这时可省略if,将should提到句首,变为倒装句式。If it

    should rain

    (=Should it rain)tomorrow, I would stay at home.万一明天下雨的话,我就待在家里。

    6.should还可以用来表示说话人对某事不能理解、赶到意外、惊异等意思,译为“竟然,竟会”。

    You can’t imagine that a well-behaved gentleman should be so rude to a lady.鱼儿,在水中串上串下,吐着顽皮的泡泡;鸟儿从荷叶上空飞过,想亲吻荷花姑娘的芳泽。四周的花儿,紫的,黄的,白的,红的,竞相开放。大红花儿,张着大嘴,放声歌唱;灯笼花儿,随风摇坠,四处飘香;剑兰花儿,形态独特,毫不逊色。它们与荷塘之景交相辉映,美不胜收 此时,我的心情兴奋到极点,好久好久没有看过如此美的景色了。若果我有一双会画画的手,我定把这如痴如醉的荷塘活色生香的描绘一番;若果我有一部高像素的相机,我定不放过每个花开的镜头;若果我是一个诗人,我定把这荷塘每片光鲜艳丽的色泽融入人生的诗篇。我更期待,期待盛夏的荷塘色,期待那更加妖娆多姿,色泽鲜艳的荷花,期待初夏生机勃勃、挥汗如雨的激情生活!

    第三篇:《情态动词》的用法 教案

    《情态动词的用法》教案

    一、教材分析: 这是初中的一个较重要也有难度的知识点,作为动词中的一类,如何使用情态动词can(could),must, have to, may(might),shall(should),will, dare, need, aught to等是本次课程的重点内容.教学内容是介绍情态动词的定义、特点、以及最重要的用法;最后加以练习进行巩固

    二、教学目标:

    1.知识目标:要求学生掌握使用表示猜测的情态动词.2.能力目标:通过引导,让学生能够说出学会情态动词的基本用法,在语境中的意思。3.情感目标:让学生在学习中情态动词过程中体验英语的生动趣味性,引导学生提高对英语学习的求知欲。

    三、教学重难点

    教学重点: 学会运用情态动词can(could), must, may,might,shall,should,ought to ,will(would),dare, need, have to等的用法以及各个相近情态动词间的区分.教学难点: 各个情态动词的用法区分.四、教学方法:

    以讲解为主,举例分析。

    五、教学过程

    教师:同学们,我们这节课要想学习的内容是情态动词的用法,那1这个情态动词其实我们对于我们来说也并不陌生,平时在句子的运用也很多,那么大家告诉我情态动词有哪些? 常见的情态动词有:can(could), must, may,might, shall,should, ought to ,will(would),dare, need, have to(板书)

    我们这节课主要来归纳下它的用法

    1、本身具有一定词意,但不能单独作谓语。为什么说情态动词不能单独作谓语呢?

    谓语是对主语动作或状态的陈述或说明,指出“做什么”“是什么”或是“怎么样”情态动词用在行为动词前,表示说话人对这一动作或状态的看法或主观设想。(举例:i can wash clothes)

    2、无人称和数的变化

    We must stay here.我们必须待在这儿。He must stay here.他必须待在这儿。

    3、情态动词后面紧跟的一个动词用原形

    She may lose her way.她可能迷路了。

    4、否定形式直接在后面加no

    下面我们开始逐个学习它们的用法 [1] 首先是can/could的用法 A.表能力

    can 表示现在的能力,could 表示过去的能力,要表示将来具备的能力通常 be able to 的将来时态。B.can和could 表允许,请求

    表示请求或者允许时,两者均可用,但用could 语气更委婉更为礼貌些; Can [Could] I come in?(允许)

    Can(could)you help me?(请求)

    若是自己允许别人做某事,一般只用 can,而不用 could。如: Can [Could] I come in? 我可以进来吗 “Could [Can] I use your pen? ”“Yes,of course you can.”

    C.can和could 表推测

    对现在或将来的推测,两者均可用,但can 通常只用于否定句或疑问句中,一般不用于肯定句,而could则可用于肯定句、否定句和疑问句;对过去的推测,应在can,could之后接动词的完成式,且此时can仍只用于否定句或疑问句,不用于肯定句;而could 则可用于各种句型。如:

    Can [Could] this be true? 这能是真的吗

    Where can [could] he have gone? 他能到哪里去了呢

    She can’t [couldn’t] have left so soon.她不可能走得这么早。She could be at home.她可能在家

    [2] must / may / might的用法

    这三个词常用于推测,在推测方面的用法分为四种情况。A.对将来情况的推测,用“情态动词 + 动词原形”。(1).She must / may / might arrive before 5.5:00前她一定/可能/也许到。

    B.对现在进行时的推测,用“情态动词 + be”,“情态动词 +be doing”

    e.g:(1).He must / may / might be listening to the radio now.他一定/可能/也许正在听收音机。

    (2).He may(might)not be at home at this time.这个时候他不可能/可能不在家。

    C.对一般情况的推测,或“情态动词 + 动词原形”。

    Everymornning he will sit here and read a newspaper.(每天早上他都会坐在这儿看报纸)D.对过去情况的推测,用“情态动词 + have +过去分词”。

    e.g:(1).It must / may / might have rained last night.The ground is wet.地湿了,昨晚肯定/可能/也许下雨了。

    [3] shall的用法 A.表征求意见(“好不好”)Shall we go now? B.威胁、警告、命令或根据规定有义务做 You shall leave at once!(威胁、警告)You shall clean theroom,it is your task.(义务,责任)C.表规章、法令、预言:“必须” 用于所有人称 Every paasenger shall wait in a line.[4] should /ought to的用法 注:情态动词 should /ought to表推测时,意为“想必会,理应„„” A.责任,义务或要求,有时表示劝告:

    You ought to /should pay more attention to what your lawyer says.B.表示推测和可能性,是“(按理说)应该”之意 肯定的语气没有must用于推测时强 This pen ought to /should be yours.C.should与“have +过去分词”连用时,则又可构成虚拟语气意为 例如:should have done 本应该做某事而没有做 Should’nt have done 本不应该做某事却做了。

    [5] Would和will的用法

    A.表示请求、建议等,would比will委婉客气。如: Would you pass me the book? B.表示意志、愿望和决心。Will表示现在的意愿,would表示过去的意愿,也可以表示现在的意愿,语较为委婉。如: I will never do that again.Yesterday he would’nt helped me.I would like a cup of tea.C.用“will be”和“will(would)+ have + 过去分词”的结构表示推测,前者表示对目前情况的推测,后者表示对已经完成的动作或事态的推测。如: This will be the book you want.He will have arrived by now.D.will表示习惯、请求,固有性质等。

    Everyday he will sit here hour after hour doing nothing.(习惯)Will you help me with my English?(请求)E.表料想或猜想。如:

    It would be about ten when he left home.[6] dare(dared)的用法

    Dare作情态动词时,主要用于疑问句、否定句和条件从句中,一般不用在肯定句中。如: How dare you say I'm unfair.He daren't speak English before such a crowd,dare he? She dare not say what she thinks.她不敢说她是怎么想的

    [7] need的用法

    need表示“需要”或“必须”,作情态动词时,仅用于否定句或疑问句中,在肯定句中一般用must,haveto,ought to,或should代替。如: You needn’t come so early.— Need I finish the work today? —Yes,you must.注意:needn't + 不定式的完成式“表示本来不必做某事而实际上做了某事”。如: You needn't have waited for me.[8]must 和haveto的用法

    A.must表示的是说话人的主观看法,而have to则往往强调客观需要。如:

    The play is not interesting.I really must go now.这部剧没意思。我真的必须现在就走。B.二者的否定意义不大相同。如: You mustn't go.你可不要去。You don't have to go.你不必去。

    C.询问对方的意愿时应用must。如:

    Must I clean all the room?我一定要打扫整个房间吗?Yes,you must.No,you needn’t.教师总结:这节课总结了主要的情态动词的用法,内容较多,给大家5分钟时间来消化下,看完后有什么疑问或是哪个词的用法不是很清楚就提出来。教师:教大家一个情态动词的口诀口诀:动词原形接后面,说话语气较委婉。can “能力”may“许可”,must“责任”或“义务”。否定回答needn’t换,“需要”need, dare“敢”。should“应该”,would“愿”,have to“被迫”表客观。

    3、课堂练习,复习巩固

    教师:我们学完了情态动词的用法,下面来做些练习。

    2.Jane have come to the party, but she not find the exact time.A.could;could B.might;could C.should;could D.should;would

    3.So many mistakes in your homework!You more careful.A.may be B.had to C.would be D.should have been

    4.Her brotherbe at home now, because he was seen playing basketball in the stadium just now.A.mustn’t B.needn’t

    C.can’t D.shouldn't

    5.---I can’t understand why our boss is late.---He the early bus.A.could miss

    B.may have missed

    C.can have missed D.might miss

    第四篇:情态动词need用法小结

    一、NEED与句子类型

    (本条可参照ANY的用法。)NEED可用于:

    1.否定句/含有否定意义的句子 1)否定句

    含not/hardly/never/nobody等词语。I needn’t say anything.He need hardly advise me.You never need tell me this or that.Nobody need help me.I don’t think he need come.(否定转移)

    注:NEEDN’T的意思其实有三种,即不必要/不一定/不应该,视具体语境而定。2)含有否定意义的句子

    含only/but/all/before/than等词语。He need only wait here.You need but consider the matter to understand its importance.That’s all that need be said.Do not stay longer than you need.There was another hour before I need go out into the cold.2.疑问句/表示疑问的从句 1)疑问句(包括否定疑问句)Need he say it again? 2)表示疑问的从句

    I wonder whether/if I need see her.3.条件句

    含if/unless等词。

    If he need come, he will.本条要点简单概括起来就是,NEED不能用于肯定句。以下的各种用法也遵循这条规则。

    二、NEED与时态 1.现在时

    NEED常用于现在时。You needn’t stay.2.将来时

    You needn’t have your blood pressure taken tomorrow.3.过去时

    NEED的过去式仍然是NEED。1)过去时间由一过去时间状语表示 He need not come yesterday.2)过去时间由另一过去时动词表示。All he need do was to inquire.It was clear that he need never trouble to get up at seven again.I told him he needn’t be in a terrible fix.注:表示过去的NEED常用于间接引语中。(本条可参照must的用法)

    三、NEED与虚拟语气 1)NEED用于虚拟条件句

    (本条可参照虚拟条件句的构成及用法。)If money were useless, we need not struggle for it.If you had been careful enough, you need not have suffered.注:本条用法较为少见。

    2)NEED单独使用:NEEDN’T HAVE DONE(本条可参照SHOULDN’T HAVE DONE的用法。)You need not have worried.注:NEED HAVE DONE的形式较为少见

    Need you have scolded him so severely for his bad work? He had done his best.(否定意味)

    He need have gone and sent that letter in person.(实际上没有做)

    四、NEED与推测

    NEEDN’T表示“不一定”。(本条可参照must/can的用法。)1)NEEDN’T+BE

    It needn’t be hot in Florida now.对比:

    It can’t be hot in Florida now.(一定不)It must be hot in Florida now.(一定)2)NEEDN’T+HAVE DONE

    He need not have seen much of the world, though he is an old man.对比:

    He can’t have seen much of the world, for he is just a little boy.He must have seen much of the world, for he has been traveling so widely.五、NEED与问句 1)反意疑问句的构成 You needn’t go, need you? 2)答句的构成---Need he go?---Yes, he must/has to/needs to.---No, he needn’t.(本条可参照must的用法)

    六、情态动词NEED与实义动词NEED 1)使用范围

    作为实义动词的NEED有人称、数和时态的变化,使用范围更为广泛,不受句子类型和时态的限制。在肯定句、过去时和将来时的句子中,一般使用作为实义动词的NEED。

    He needs to see a doctor straightaway.(此处needs to不能换做need,因为本句是肯定句)

    Will he need to start earlier? 注:

    NEED TO BE DONE与NEED DOING可以互换,后者更为常用(这里的NEED均为实义动词)。2)含义差别

    NEEDN’T HAVE DONE与DIDN’T NEED TO DO表示“不必要”的时候,在意义上有所差别,前者表示“本不必做„„”,实际上已经做了(NEED为情态动词);后者单纯地表示“不必做„„”(NEED为实义动词)。

    第五篇:小学英语助动词do、Be动词、情态动词的用法练习

    变一般疑问句:

    1.I want to pass the test? 2.He studied German.3.She likes swim.4.They do homework everyday.变否定句

    1.I want to go to the concert today.2.He likes learning English.3.Many students heard the song.4.Open your books.作出肯定回答与否定回答。

    1.----Do you like Beijing? 2.Does he go to school by bike? 3.Did you read the book? 1

    (一)用适当的情态动词填空。

    1.Must I stand up? No, you ________.2.________ I speak something? Yes, you ________.3.________ I leave the park now? No, you _________ stay here.4.My grandmother is ill.I _________ stay at home and look after her.5.________ you like some juice? 6.They ________ take more exercise.7.________ you tell me the way to the museum? 8.The watch ________ tell us the right time.9.________ you like to go boating with us? 10.________ we play chess next weekend?(二)按要求改写句子。1.She can walk quickly.I ________ ________quickly.(否定句)

    2.You have to finish the work now.(一般疑问句)

    ________ I the work now? No, you ________.3.They can paint the wall well.(一般疑问句)

    _______ they ______ the wall well?

    4.Tom must carry the box into the room.(否定句)

    Tom ________ ________ carry the box into the room.5.She should reach the station early.(否定句)

    She _______ _______ reach the station early.(三)单项选择。

    ()1.you like some bread ?

    A.Would

    B.Could

    C.Can()2.We

    throw the waste in the zoo.A.can’t

    B.don't

    C.mustn’t

    ()3.W e should

    more flowers, and we shouldn’t cut any flowers.A.plant

    B.planting

    C.plants

    ()4.May I have some water? A.Yes,you have.B.Yes,you can.C.Yes,certainly.()5.Shall we work on the farm ? A.Yes,we do.B.Yes, we shall.B.All right.()6.Would you have something to announce? A.Yes,we would.B.Yes, I’d like.C.Yes, of course.()7.Can I help you? A.Yes,you can.B.No,I can do it.C.Yes.I’d like some oranges.



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