市场营销专业英语复习（精选多篇）

第一篇：市场营销专业英语复习

市场营销专业英语复习

I题型

一、专业短语中英互译题（每题1分,共20分）

二、单项选择题（每题1分,共30分）

三、判断题（每题2分,共10分）

四、句子中英互译题（每题3分,共15分）

五、简答题（每题5分,共25分）

II复习

Chapter1 Marketing Management [营销管理]

1、Marketing Management Philosophies [营销管理基本原理]

2、Five alternative concepts:

the production concept[生产观念] It holds the philosophy that consumers will favor those products that are widely available and low in cost.the product concept[产品观念] consumers will favor products that offer the most quality, performance, and innovative features.the selling concept[销售观念] Many organizations follow the selling concept, which holds that consumers will not buy enough of the organization's products unless it undertakes a large-scale selling and promotion effort.the marketing concept [市场观念]

the societal marketing concept[社会营销观念]

3、Four Pillars for Marketing Concept: target market[目标市场],customer needs[消费者需求],integrated marketing[整合市场营销],profitability[利益].4、Describe the differences between the selling concept and the marketing concept.5、Three steps to targeting: market segmentation, target choice, product positioning.6、Relationship Marketing[关系营销]；Collaborative Marketing[协作营销]

Chapter2 Consumer Behavior[消费者行为]

1、Stages in the Buyer Decision Process[购买决策的步骤]

（1）problem recognition[问题确认]

（2）information search[信息收集]

（3）evaluation of alternative[备选方案评价]

（4）purchase decision[购买决策]

（5）post purchase behaviors[购后行为]

2、Types of Consumer Buying Decisions and Consumer Involvement:

routine response behavior, limited decision making, extensive decision making.3、The level of involvement in the purchase depends on five factors: previous experience； interest；perceived risk；financial risk；social risk；psychological risk；situation；social visibility4、Factors influencing consumer behavior[影响消费者行为因素]

1）Underlying cultural, social, inpidual, and psychological factors strongly influence the decision process.2）Cultural factors：culture and values, subculture, and social class.3）Social factors ：reference groups, opinion leaders, word of mouse and family members.4）personal characteristics：gender;age and life-cycle stage;and personality, self-concept, and lifestyle.5）Psychological factors ：perception, motivation, learning, beliefs, and attitudes.5、Maslow’s needs hierarchy：Hierarchies of Needs[需求层次]:（1）physiological needs[生理需要]（2）safety needs[安全需要]（3）social needs[社会需要]（4）personal needs [个性需要]（5）self-actualization needs[自我实现需要]

6、Marketing mix consist of the four Ps: product, price, place, and promotion.7、The buyer decision process for new products（Stages in the Adoption Process）:（1）Awareness.（2）Interest（3）Evaluation（4）Trial（5）Adoption

Chapter3Integrated Marketing Communications 整合营销传播

1、A company’s total marketing communications mix—also called its promotion mix—consists of the specific blend of five different parts.（1）Direct marketing[直接营销]

（2）Sales Promotion[销售促进]is a marketing communication technique where additional incentives beyond the inherent qualities or benefits of the product or service are offered to the target audience, sales force, or distributors.（3）Personal selling[人员销售]is exactly what it says--a form of person to person marketing communication in which the seller attempts to persuade the consumer to buy the company's product or service.（4）Advertising 广告Advertising is traditionally defined as any paid form of non-personal communication about a product, a service, or a company with the intention to sell the product or service or to influence opinions on and attitudes towards the product, service, or company.（5）Public Relations 公共关系

2、what is Integrated Marketing Communications3、The tools of Public Relations:（1）press releases[新闻稿]；（2）lobbying[游说]；（3）education and training[教育和培训] ；（4）exhibitions and shows[展览和展示]；（5）in-house journals [活动与实践]

Chapter4 Contemporary Advertising 当代广告

1、广告类型:

（1）pioneering advertising开创式广告,产品初期阶段采用

（2）Competitive advertising竞争性广告,随产品生命周期往前发展

（3）Reminder advertising提醒广告

2、Marketing management must make four important decisions when developing an advertising program: setting advertising objectives, setting advertising budgets, developing advertising strategy, and evaluating advertising campaigns.3、the three primary purposes of advertising objectives：which can be classified by primary purpose: whether the aim is to inform, persuade, or remind.4、Advertising media广告媒体:television, newspaper, radio, magazine, yellow pages, outdoor, direct mail, Internet.Chapter5 Sales force Management 销售队伍管理

1、The tasks of sales management销售管理的任务

（1）Define sales goals and the sales process

（2）Determine the sales force structure

（3）Recruit and train the sales force

（4）Compensate and motivate the sales force, ,（5）Evaluate the sales force.2、Steps in the Selling Process

（1）Generating leads

（2）Qualifying leads

（3）Approaching the customer and probing needs

（4）Developing and proposing solutions

（5）Handling objections

（6）Closing the sale

（7）Following up

Chapter6 Brand Management 品牌管理

1、Brand is a “name, term, sign, symbol or design, or a combination of them”

2、Kotler define five levels to a product.产品的五个层次.(1)the core benefit level is the fundamental need or want that consumer satisfies by consuming the product or service.核心利益

(2)The generic product level基础产品

(3)The expected product level期望产品

(4)The augmented product level附加产品

(5)The potential product level潜在产品

3、Market penetration strategy市场渗透；Market development strategy市场开发；

Product development strategy产品开发；Diversification strategy多元化

4、Customer-based Brand Equity.基于顾客的品牌资产.5、A brand extension is when a firm uses an established brand name to introduce a new product.品牌延伸

Line extension means that the parent brand is used to brand a new product that targets a new market segment within a product category currently served by the parent brand.Category extension: The parent brand is used to enter a different product category from that currently served by the parent brand.6、Sub-brand 副品牌 parent brand母品牌.Horizontal Extensions 水平延伸 Vertical Extensions垂直延伸

7、the advantages of brand extension.8、the disadvantages of brand extension：Can confuse or frustrate consumers；Can encounter retailer resistance； Can fail and hurt parent brand image； Can succeed but cannibalize sales of parent brand； Can succeed but diminish identification with any one category； Can succeed but hurt the image of parent brand； Can dilute brand meaning ； Can cause the company to forgo the chance to develop a new brand.

第二篇：市场营销专业英语术语

A A.C.Nielson 尼尔森市场研究公司 absorption of costs 成本分配 accesibility 可进入性

accessory equipment markets 附属设备市场 account management policies 客户管理策略 Acer 宏基

acquisition new-product development strategy 新产品开发收购战略 activity-based costing 以活动为基础的成本系统 adaptability 适应性

adaptation to market variations 适应市场变化 adaptive positioning 适应性定位

additions to existing product lines 现有产品线的增加 adequate size 准确的大小/足够的规模

administered vertical marketing systems 管理式垂直营销系统 administrative relationships 管理关系 adopter categories 采购者的类型 adoption process 采购过程

advertising and market segmentation 广告与市场细分 advertising and sales promotion 广告和销售促进 advertising effects 广告效果 advertising ethics 广告伦理道德 advertising feedback 广告反馈 advertising frequency 广告频率 advertising media 广告媒体 advertising message 广告信息 advertising reach 广告接受人数 advertising source 广告信息来源 advertising 广告

aerobic enthusiasts 增氧健身运动爱好者 aesthetics 美感 affinity club 同族俱乐部 after tests 事后测试 agent middleman 代理商

agent/merchant middleman 代理中间商 allowance 折让 alteration 退换

AMA Code of Ethics 美国营销协会职业道德标准 Amazon.com 亚马逊公司 American Airlines 美国航空公司 American Express 美国运通

American Marketing Association 美国营销协会 Amoco 阿莫科（英国石油公司）analysis of data 数据分析 analyzer strategy 分析者战略 Anderson 安达信

annual marketing plan 营销计划

annual requirement purchasing arrangement 采购需求计划 anticipatory positioning 预见性定位 anti-pollution legislation 反污染立法 anti-trust legislation 反托拉斯立法 Apple Computers 苹果电脑 area structure 地区结构

aspiration/expectation level 渴望/期望水平aspirations of consumers 消费者渴望 assurance 保证

AT&T 美国电话电报公司

ATM(automatic teller machine)银行自动柜员机 attitudes of consumers 消费者态度 attributes 属性 audiences 受众 auto repair 汽车维修

automation services 自动服务 automobile industry 汽车产业 autonomy 自主权

availability 可获得性/供货能力 avante guardian 前卫派 Avon 雅芳

awareness（产品）知晓度/知名度

B baby boomers 婴儿潮出生的一代人

backward channels for recycling 回收的后向渠道 backward integration 后向垂直一体化 banner advertisements 横幅标语广告 bar codes 条形码 barter 实物交易 basic physical needs 基本生理需要 Bausch & Lomb 博士伦

BCG Grow-Share Matrix 波士顿增长-份额矩阵 before tests 事前测试

Behavior Scan Information Resources Inc.行为扫描信息源公司 behavioural analysis 行为分析 behavioural hierarchies 行为层级 benchmarking 基准 benefit clusters 利益群体 benefits 利益 Benz 奔驰 billing 帐单

biological revolution 生物革命 birth rate 出生率

blanket purchase order 一揽子采购合同 blind-paired comparison testing 双盲比较测试 Blockbuster blue collars 蓝领 BMW 宝马 Boeing 波音

bottom line 底线/盈亏一览结算线 brand awareness 品牌意识/认知 brand extensions 品牌扩展 brand loyalty 品牌忠诚度 brand mark 品牌标志 brand name 品牌名称 brand positioning 品牌定位 brand recognition 品牌识别 brand strategies 品牌战略 brand 品牌

branding strategy 品牌化战略 branding 品牌化

brand's equity 品牌的价值 break-even analysis 盈亏平衡分析 break-even volume 盈亏平衡产量

breath of product assortment 产品线的宽度

breath or persity of product lines 产品线的宽度或多样性 bribery 贿赂

British Airways 英国航空公司 brokers 经纪人 budgeting 预算 bundle 捆绑

Bureau of Census 人口统计局 Burger King 汉堡王

busines strength rating 商业能力评分 business plan 商业计划 business position 经营地位 business sector 商业部门

business services markets 商业服务市场 business strategies 经营战略 business unit strategy 经营单位战略 Business Week 《商业周刊》 buyback allowances 回购折让 buyback arrangements 产品返销

buyers' bargaining power 买方的讨价还价能力 buyers 采购者

buying behavior 购买行为 buying center 采购中心 buying inertia 购买惯性 buying intention 购买意图 buying offices 连锁商店的进货中心 buying power indes(BPI)购买力指数 buying situation 采购情况/类型 buying task 采购任务

C cable TV 有线电视 Cadillac 凯迪拉克

Campbell's Soup 金宝汤业公司 capital gains 资本收益

capital invested in product 产品投入资本 Carnival 嘉年华 cash cows 现金牛类 cash discounts 现金折扣 catalogue sales 目录销售

categorization of perception 感知分类 categorization 分门别类 Caterpillar Tractor 卡特皮勒公司 Cathay Airlines 国泰航空公司 CBS Records 唱片公司 CBS 哥伦比亚广播公司 centralization 集中化

chameleons/followers 变色龙/跟随者 channel alternatives 可选择的营销渠道 channel conflicts 渠道冲突 channel decisions 渠道决策 channel functions 渠道功能 channel institutions 渠道组织结构 channel management 渠道管理 channel objectives 渠道目标 channel of distribution 分销渠道 channel power 渠道权力

channel-control strategies 渠道控制战略 channel-design decisions 渠道设计决策 channel-management decisions 渠道管理决策 channels of communication 传播渠道 Charles Snow 查尔斯•斯诺 Cherokee 切诺基 chevrolet 雪佛莱 choice criteria 选择标准

Christian Dior 克里斯汀•迪奥（世界著名时装品牌）Chrysler 克莱斯勒 Citi Corp 花旗银行 closing a sale 结束销售 clothing retailers 服装零售商 CNN 美国有线新闻网 co-branding 联合品牌

code of ethics（职业）道德标准 coercive power 强制权

cognitive dissonance 认识的不协调 Colgate-Palmolive 高露洁 collection of data 数据收集 collection 收款

co-marketing alliances 联合营销联盟

combination compensation plan 结合式薪酬方案 Comdex 计算机展销会 commercialization 商业化 commitment 承诺

communication channels 传播渠道 communication process 传播过程 communication 信息交流/沟通 communications media 传播媒体 company personnel 公司员工 Compaq 康柏

comparative advertisements 比较广告 comparison of brands 品牌比较 compensation deals 补偿处理 compensation plan 酬金方案 compensation/rewards 酬金/奖励 compensatory 补偿性的

competition and industry evolution 竞争和行业演变 competition-orientated pricing 竞争导向定价法 competitive advantage 竞争优势

competitive(supply-side)evolution 竞争（供方）演变 competitive factors 竞争因素

competitive intelligence 竞争情报/信息

competitive parity promotion budgeting 竞争均势促销预算法 competitive strategy 竞争战略 competitive strength 竞争优势/能力 competitor analysis 竞争者分析 complaint handling 投诉处理

component materials and parts markets 组成材料和零部件市场 computerized ordering 计算机化的订购 conclusive research 确定性研究 conditions of demand 需求情况

conflict and resolution strategies 冲突和解决战略 conformance to specifications 与规格一致 conformance 一致性

confrontation strategy 对抗战略 conjoint measurement 联合测度法 conjunctive model 联合模型

consumer decision-making 消费者（购买）决策 consumer goods channels 消费品分销渠道

Consumer Goods Pricing Act, USA 美国消费品定价法案 consumer goods 消费品 consumer markets 消费品市场 consumer needs 消费者需求

consumer packaged-goods firms 消费者包装食品公司 consumer promotion 消费者促销 consumer tests 消费者测试

consumer/household market 消费者/家庭市场 consumers' perceptions 消费者感知 consumption 消费 contests 竞赛

contingency planning 权变计划 contract construction 契约建筑业 contract manufacturing 契约制造业

contraction/strategic withdrawal strategy 收缩/战略性撤退战略 contractual entry modes 契约式进入模式

contractual vertical marketing systems 合约式垂直营销系统 contribution margin analysis 边际贡献（贡献毛利）分析 contributrion margin 边际贡献 control strategies 控制战略

convenience food stores 便利食品商店 convenience goods 便利品 convenience 服务的便利性 Cool Whip 清凉维普

co-operative advertising 合作性广告

co-ordination and conflict resolution 协调与冲突解决 co-production 合作生产

core benefit proposition(CBP)核心利益方案/提议 corollary-data method 推定数据法 corporate HQ 公司总部

corporate scope 公司（经营）范围 corporate strategy 公司战略

corporate vertical marketing systems 公司式垂直营销系统 corporate/institutional advertising 团体/社会公共机构广告 corrective action 矫正行动 cost analysis 成本分析 cost effectiveness 成本有效性

cost leadership strategy 成本领先战略 cost of capital 资本成本

cost of goods sold(COGS)产品销售成本 cost reductions 降低成本产品

cost-and-volume relationship 成本-数量关系 cost-oriented pricing 成本导向定价法

cost-plus/mark-up pricing 成本加成/溢价定价法

costs and benefits of marketing functions 营销职能的成本和效益 costs of competitors 竞争者成本 costs of distribution 分销成本 countertrade 对等贸易 coupons 优惠券 courtesy 礼貌 coverage of geographic market 地域性市场的范围 coverage of relevant retailers 相关零售商的销售范围 credibility 信誉 credit terms 信贷条款 critical assumptions 关键假设 cross-elasticity 交叉弹性 customary pricing习惯性定价法 customer analysis 顾客分析 customer contact 顾客接触 customer demand 顾客需求 customer intimacy 顾客亲密度 customer loyalty 顾客忠诚度 customer need 顾客需要

customer organization of sales force 按客户组织销售队伍 customer retention 顾客维系/保留 customer satisfaction 顾客满意度

customer segment pricing 顾客细分市场定价 customer service 顾客服务

customer-oriented pricing 顾客导向定价法 customers' perception 顾客感知 customers' preferences 顾客偏好

customers' price sensitivity 顾客的价格敏感度 customizing 定制

D data collection 数据收集 data confidentiality 数据保密 data research 数据研究 data sources 数据来源 dealers 经销商

deceptive advertisements 欺骗性广告 deciders 决策者

declining markets 衰退市场 decoding 解码 defect rate 缺陷率

defender strategy 防御型战略

defensive new-product development strategy 防御性新产品开发战略 defensive positioning 防御性定位 delivery time 交付时间 delivery 配送

Dell Computers 戴尔计算机公司 Delta Airlines 三角洲航空公司 demand characteristics 需求特征 demand curve 需求曲线

demand-oriented pricing 需求导向定价法 demographic environment 人口统计环境 department stores 百货商店 dependability 可靠性 deregulation 放松管制 derived demand 衍生需求 descriptive research 描述性研究 design decisions 设计决策

desired percentage mark-up on retail 预期零售利润率 desired percentage return 预期回报率 determinant attributes 关键属性 determinants 决定因素 different responses 差别反应

differentiated defender strategy 差异化防御战略 differentiated marketing 差异化营销 differentiation over time 不同时间的差异 differentiation strategy 差异化战略 differentiation 差异化

diffusion of innovation theory 创新扩散理论 dimension 因素

dimensions of quality 质量维度

direct costing profitability analysis 直接成本盈利性分析 direct mail 直接邮寄

direct marketing via advertising media 通过广告媒体的直接营销 direct marketing 直接营销

direct product profitability(DPP)直接产品盈利性/利润率 direct selling 直销 discount rate 贴现率 discount stores 折扣商店 discount 折扣

discount/premium price policies 折扣/溢价策略 discriminant analysis 差异分析法

discriminatory adjustments 歧视价格调整 discriminatory pricing adjustments 歧视定价调整 disjunctive model 分离模型 display space 陈列空间 disposable income 可支配收入

dissonance-attribution hierarchy 不和谐-归属层次结构 distribution channel designs 分销渠道设计 distribution channel objectives 分销渠道的目标 distribution channel 分销渠道 distribution decisions 分销决策 distribution policies 分销策略 distribution 分销

distributor/store(private lables)brands 分销商/私有品牌 distributors 分销商 persification 多元化 pest 撤退 pest 出让

pestment or liquidation 收回投资或清算 pidend 红利 dogs 瘦狗类

domestic target marketing strategies 国内目标市场定位的营销战略 dropping products 放弃产品 dry cleaning 干洗

dual/two channel distribution systems 双重分销系统 duplication（媒体）重复 DuPont 杜邦公司 durability 耐用性

E early vs late adoption 早期采购与后期采购 earnings per share 每股收益

economic and technological factors 经济技术因素 economic power 经济权 economies of scale 规模经济 education services 教育服务 effectiveness 有效性 efficiency 效率 Electrolux 伊莱克斯 emergency goods 急需品 Emerson Electric 爱默生电气 emotional appeals 情感诉求 empathy 移情作用

empirical evidence 经验性实例 empowerment 授权 encoding 编码 end use 最终使用 endorsement 赞同

engineering（产品）工程设计 entrepreneurial strategy 企业家战略 entry strategies 进入战略

environment and packaging disposal 环境与包装处理 environment factors 环境因素

environmental scanning 环境扫描/分析 environmental strategy 环境战略 establishment 机构

ethical audit（公司）伦理审计 ethics of marketing 营销伦理道德 ethnic composition 种族构成 European Community 欧共体

evaluation and reward systems 评估与奖励体系 evaluation and selection of supplier 评估和选择供应商 evaluation of alternatives 评估替代品/各种选择 evaluation of brands 品牌评估 event sponsorship 事件赞助 event 活动

everyday low-price(EDLP)天天低价 evoked set 引发的组合 evolution of market 市场演变 exchange 交换

exclusive dealing 独家销售 exclusive distribution 独家分销 executive summary 执行摘要 exhibition media 展示广告媒体 existing market 现有市场 exit barriers 退出壁垒 expansion path 扩张途径

expectation measures（顾客）预期测度 expectations of customers 顾客期望 expected unit sales 预计产量 expected value 期望价值 experience curve 经验曲线 experimental research 实验性研究 expert power 专长权

exploratory research 探索性研究 export agents 出口代理（商）export jobbers 出口批发商

export management company 出口管理公司 export merchants 出口贸易商 export 出口 exporting 出口商品

extended use strategy 扩大使用战略 extending volume growth 扩大市场份额 external data sources 外部数据来源 external environment 外部环境

extrapolation of past sales trends 过去销售趋势推测法

F facilitating agencies 辅助/中介机构 factor analysis 因素分析法 fads 时尚

family branding 家族品牌 family life cycle 家庭生命周期 family structure 家庭结构 farm products 农产品

fast-moving consumer goods(FMCG)快速变动的消费品 fear appeals 恐惧/顾虑诉求 features 特征

Federal Department Stores 联邦百货商店 Federal Trade Code（FTC)联邦贸易法案 FedEx(Federal Express)联邦快递 feedback data 反馈数据

field test marketing 实地市场测试 financing 融资 fisheries 渔业

fit and finish 结实度与外观 fixed costs 固定成本 fixed salary 固定工资

flanker strategy 侧翼进攻战略 flanker/fighting brand 战斗品牌

flanking and encirclement strategies 侧翼进攻与围堵战略 flat organizational structure 扁平的组织结构 FOB origin pricing FOB产地定价法 focus strategy 集中战略 followers 追随者 Ford 福特公司

foreign middlemen 国外中间商 forestry 林业

formalization 形式/规范化 formulate 制定

fortress/position-defence strategy 防御堡垒战略 Fortune 《财富》杂志

forward integration 向前一体化 franchise systems 特许系统 franchising 特许经营

free call numbers 免费电话号码 free goods 免费商品

freight-absorption pricing 免收运费定价法 fringe benefits 小额津贴

frontal attack strategy 正面进攻战略

full costing profitability analysis 全成本盈利性分析 full-service wholesalers 全方位服务的批发商

functional competencies and resource allocation 职能能力与资源分配 functional efficiency 职能效率

functional organization of sales force 按销售职能组织销售队伍 functional organizational structure 职能型组织结构 functional performance 功能性能 functional strategy 职能战略

G games 比赛 gap 差距

gatekeepers 信息传递者

general behavioral descriptors 一般行为变量 General Electric(GE)通用电气 General Foods Corporation 通用食品

general merchandise discount chains 大众商品折扣连锁店 General Motors 通用汽车

geodemographics 区域人口统计特征 geographic adjustments 地理调整 geographic distribution 地理分布

geographical organization of sales force 按地区组织销售队伍 Gillette 吉列剔须刀 global adjustments 全球调整

global elite consumer segment 全球精英消费品市场 global expansion 全球扩张

global marketing control 全球营销控制 global markets 全球市场

global niche strategy 全球机会战略

global standardization strategy 全球标准化战略 global teenage segment 全球青少年市场 globalization 全球化

global-market expansion 全球市场扩张 goals 总目标

going-rate/competitive parity pricing 竞争性平价定价法 goods producers 产品制造商 Goodyear 固特异轮胎

government agencies 政府机构 government buyers 政府采购者 government market 政府市场 government regulation 政府管制 greenhouse effect 温室效应 grey market 灰色市场

gross domestic product(GDP)国内生产总值 gross margin 毛利

gross national product(GNP)国民生产总值 gross profit 毛利

gross rating points(GRPs)总级别指数

group/category product manager 类别产品经理 growing markets 成长市场 growth rate of market 市场增长率

growth stage of product life cycle 产品生命周期的成长阶段 growth-extension strategies 增长扩张战略

growth-market strategies for market leaders 市场领导者的市场增长战略 growth-market strategy 成长性市场战略

growth-market targeting strategy 成长性市场定位战略 guarantee/warranty 保证/担保 guarantees 保证

Gucci 古琦（世界著名时装品牌）

H Haagen-Dazs 哈根达斯 hard technology 硬技术

Harvard Business Review 《哈佛商业评论》 harvest 收获

harvesting pricing 收获定价法 harvesting strategy 收获战略 health care 医疗保健

health maintenance organizations(HMOs)（美国）卫生保健组织 heavy buyer 大客户

Heileman Brewing Company Heinz 亨氏食品 helpfulness 有益性 Henkel 汉高

Hertz 赫兹（美国汽车租赁巨头）Hewlett-Packard 惠普公司 hierarchy of strategy 战略的层次

high margin/low-turnover retailers 高利润/低周转率的零售商 high market share global strategy 高市场份额全球战略 high-contact service system 高接触服务系统 high-involvement product 高参与产品 high-involvement purchase 高参与购买 hight market share 高市场份额战略 Hilton 希尔顿

Holiday Inns 假日旅馆

homogeneous market 同质市场 Honda 本田

household/family life cycle 家庭生命周期 household 家庭

hybrid technology 混合技术

I IBM 国际商用机器

idea generation 创意的产生/生成 ideas for new products 新产品创意/构想 idea-screening process 创意筛选过程 identification of segments 识别细分市场 Illinois Tool Works 伊利诺斯工具厂 image pricing 形象定价 imitative positioning 模仿定位 imitative strategy 模仿战略 impact evaluation 影响评估

impersonal sources 非个人的信息来源

implementation and control of marketing programs 营销计划的执行和控制 implementation 实施

improvements in or revisions of existing products 现有产品的改良或修正 impulse buying 冲动购买 impulse goods 冲动购买品 incentives 激励 income 收入

increased penetration strategy 增加渗透战略

indirect costing profitability analysis 间接成本盈利性分析 inpidual brand 个别品牌 inpidual value 个人价值

industrial goods & services 工业产品和服务 industrial goods channels 工业品分销渠道 industry attractiveness 行业吸引力

industry attractiveness-business position matrix 行业吸引力-业务地位矩阵 industry dynamics 产业动态 industry evaluation 产业评估 industry evolution 产业演变 inelastic 缺乏价格弹性 influencers 影响者

info communications industry 信息通信行业 infomercials 商业信息广告 information age 信息时代 information search 信息搜集 information technology 信息技术 information 信息 informative 告知性的 ingredient 成份

in-home personal interview 个人家庭访谈 in-house use tests 内部使用测试 innovation 创新 innovativeness 创新性 installation 设施

in-store display 店内展示 in-store positioning 店内布局 in-store promotion 店内促销 intangibles 无形

integrated marketing communication plan(IMC)整合营销传播计划 integration of perception 感知整合 integration 整合 Intel 因特尔

intensity of market position 市场地位的集中程度 intensity 集中程度

intensive distribution 密集型分销

interactions across multiple target markets 多目标市场间的相互作用 interactive media 交互式媒体 interest rates 利率

internal data sources 内部数据来源 internal marketing 内部营销

internal organizational structure 内部组织结构 international advertising 国际广告 international channels 国际分销渠道 international pision 国际分部 international marketing 国际营销

international organizational design 国际组织设计 internationalization of services 服务的国际化

introductory stage of product life cycle 产品生命周期的推出阶段 inventory level 库存水平

investor relations advertising 投资关系广告 issue advertising 观点广告

J Jaguar 美洲豹 Jell-O 吉露 jobbers 批发商

Johnson & Johnson 强生 joint ventures 合资

jury of executive opinion 行政管理人员群体意见法 just noticeable difference(JND)恰巧注意到的差异 just-in-time(JIT)management system 准时制管理体系 just-in-time purchasing arrangements 及时采购安排

K Kao 花王 Keiritsu 凯莱通 Kellogg 凯洛格公司 Kentucky Fried Chicken(KFC)肯德基 key account management 主要客户管理 key accounts 关键客户 key benefits 核心利益

key environmental issue identification 确定主要的环境问题 key variables 关键变量

key/house accounts 关键/机构客户 Kmart 凯玛特 Kodak 柯达 Komatsu 小松公司 Kraft 卡芙

L laboratory tests 实验室测试 leapfrog strategy 蛙跳战略 learning hierarchy 学习层级结构 legal services 法律服务 legislation 立法

legitimate power 法定权 level of compensation 酬金水平

level of technical sophistication 技术的复杂程度 Levi Strauss 李维•史特劳斯

Levi's 列维斯（全球最大的牛仔服制造商）lexicographic model 词典编纂模型 lifestyle 生活方式

limited-service wholesalers 有限服务的批发商 line extension 产品线扩展 line filling 产品线填充 line stretching 产品线延伸 list price 订价

Lloyd's of London 伦敦劳埃德保险公司 localization strategy 本地化战略 location pricing 场所定价 location 位置 lodging 房屋出租

logistical alliances 后勤联盟 long-term memory 长期记忆 lost customer 失去的顾客

Louis Vuitton 路易•威登（法国著名时尚品牌）low-contact service system 低接触服务系统 low-cost defender 低成本防御型 low-cost position 低成本地位

low-involvement hierarchy 低参与程度层级结构 Lucent Technologies 朗讯科技

M macro risks 宏观风险

macro environment 宏观环境 macro segmentation 宏观细分 mail-order retailers 邮购零售商

maintaining market share 保持市场份额 maintenance strategy 保持战略 management overhead 管理费 mandatory adaptation 强制性适应 manufacturer brand 制造商/全国性品牌

manufacturers' agents/representatives 生产商的代理商/销售代表 manufacturers' export agents(MEA)制造商出口代理

manufacturers' sales offices/branches 生产商的销售办事处/分支机构 manufacturing process 制造过程 manufacturing 制造业

market aggregation strategy 整体市场战略 market attractiveness factors 市场吸引力因素 market attractiveness 市场吸引力

market attractiveness/business position matrix 市场吸引力/业务地位矩阵 market circumstances 市场环境

market demographics 市场人口分布/统计特征 market dimension 市场量度

market entry strategies 市场进入战略 market exclusion 市场排斥

market expansion strategy 市场扩张战略 market factors 市场因素 market followers 市场跟随者 market growth rate 市场增长率 market hierarchy 市场等级 market inclusion 市场纳入 market leaders 市场领导者 market measurement 市场测量

market opportunity analysis 市场机会分析 market oriented 以市场为导向的 market position factors 市场地位因素 market positioning analysis 市场定位分析 market potential measurements 市场潜力测度 market research 市场研究 market segment 细分市场 market segmentation 市场细分 market share 市场份额 market targeting 目标市场选择 market 市场

marketability 市场开拓能力

market-entry strategies 市场进入战略 marketing action plan 营销行动计划 marketing audit 营销审计 marketing channel 营销渠道

marketing codes of conduct 营销行为规范 marketing communication 营销沟通/传播 marketing concept 营销观念 marketing control 营销控制

marketing decision support systems(MDSS)营销决策支持系统 marketing environment audit 营销环境审计 marketing flows and functions 营销过程和职能 marketing function area audit 营销功能领域的 审计 marketing implications of 对营销的影响 marketing information system 营销信息系统 marketing institutions 营销机构 marketing management 营销管理 marketing message 营销信息 marketing mix 营销组合 marketing policy 营销策略

marketing productivity area audit 营销生产力领域的审计 marketing program components 营销计划内容 marketing program 营销计划/方案 marketing relationship 营销关系 marketing research 营销研究 marketing strategy 营销战略

market-management organizational structure 市场管理组织结构 mark-up price 产品/溢价价格 Marlboro 万宝路 Marriott Hotel 万豪酒店

mass-market penetration strategy 大规模市场渗透战略 mass-market strategy 大市场战略

matrix organizational structure 矩阵组织结构 Matsu****a 日本松下电子

mature conformists 成熟的随大流者 mature markets 成熟市场

mature stage of product life cycle 产品生命周期的成熟阶段 McDonald's 麦当劳

McDonnell Douglas 麦道公司 MCI电讯公司（前世界通信公司）

MDSS(Marketing-Decision Support System)市场决策支持系统 measurability 可测度性 measure or index 测量指标 measurement criteria 计量标准 media audiences 媒体受众

medical and health services 医疗卫生服务 Medico Containment Services memory of consumers 消费者记忆 Mercedes-Benz 梅赛德斯-奔驰

Mercer Management Consulting 美国美智管理顾问公司 merchandising 推销

merchant middlemen 国内贸易中间商 merchant wholesalers 商业批发商 message structure 信息结构 Michael Porter 迈克尔-波特 micro risks 微观风险

micro segmentation 微观细分

Miller-Tyding ACT, USA 米勒•泰丁法案 Minging 矿业

Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Company(3M)明尼苏达矿业和制造公司 Minolta 美能达

miscellaneous sources 多方面来源 mission 宗旨

missionary selling 推销式销售 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries 三菱重工 modified rebuy 调整再购

monosegment positioning 单一细分市场定位 Monsanto 孟山都农业生物技术公司 moral appeals 伦理/道德诉求 morals 道德 Motorola 摩托罗拉

multichannel distribution 多渠道分销 multidimensional scaling 多维等级法 multilevel selling 多级销售

multinational corporations(MNCs)跨国公司 multiple test markets 多测试市场 multiple-brand strategy 多品牌战略 multiple-factor index 多因素指数法

multisegment positioning 多重细分市场定位 mutual trust 相互信任

N Nabisco Biscuit 纳贝斯克饼干公司

national account management 全国性客户管理 national market 国内市场

National Semiconductor 美国国家半导体公司 natural products 天然产品 NEC 日本电子 Nescafé 雀巢咖啡 Nestlé 雀巢 net sales 净销售额

network computer(NC)网络计算机 new business selling 新业务销售 new buy 购入新产品 new entrants 新进入者 new markets 新市场 new materials 新材料

New Prod screening model 新普罗德筛选模型 new product lines 新产品线 new products 新产品

new-product development 新产品开发 new-product ideas 新产品创意 Newsweek 《新闻周刊》 new-task buying 全新采购

new-to-the-world products 世界性新产品

niche penetration strategy 壁龛/机会市场渗透战略 niche-market strategy 壁龛市场战略 Nike 耐克 Nissan 尼桑

no-brand brand name 无品牌的品牌名称 no-frills product 无虚饰产品 noise in communication system 传播系统中的噪音 non-financial rewards 非物质性奖励措施 non-probability sampling 非概率抽样 non-profit organization 非盈利组织 non-store retailing 无店铺零售业 number of stockouts 迟滞数目

O object-and-task method of promotion budgeting 目标-任务促销预算法 objectives and strategy area audit 目标与战略领域的审计 objectives 具体目标 observation 观察法

occupancy costs 房屋占用成本 occupation/position 职业/职位 odd pricing 奇/余数定价法

OEM(original equipment manufacturer)原始设备制造商 overall quality 总体质量

off-invoice discounts 发票之外的折扣 offsets 抵消交易 Omega 欧米加

on-air testing 广播测试

OPEC(Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries)欧佩克（石油输出国组织）opening relationships 建立关系 operating supplies 生产供应品 operational excellence 运作管理水平opinion leaders 意见领导者 opportunity cost 机会成本

opportunity identification 机会识别 opportunity/threat matrix 机会/威胁矩阵 order cycle time 订货周期 order processing 订单处理 organizational level 组织层次

organizational requirement planning 组织需求计划 organization area audit 组织领域的审计 organization buying center 组织采购中心 organizational customer 组织顾客 organizational direct selling 组织直销 organizational markets 组织市场 organizational purchasing 组织采购 organizational structure 组织结构 outdoor enthusiasts 户外运动爱好者 out-of-home media 户外广告媒体 overall cost leadership 全面成本领先 overheads 日常开支

overseas direct investment 海外直接投资 ownership of new product 新产品所有权

P Pacific Electric 太平洋电气 packaging 包装

panel of experts 专家小组 parentage 渊源

parties involved 交换中的各方 payment terms 支付条款 pay-off control 支出控制 penetration pricing 渗透定价 Pepsi-Cola 百事可乐

perceived customer value 顾客感知价值 perceived quality 感知到的质量 perceived value 感知到的价值

percentage of sales promotion budgeting method 销售额百分比促销预算法 perceptions of consumers 消费者感知/理解 perceptual(product)positioning 感知（产品）定位 perceptual map 感知图

perceptual organization 感知组织 perceptual vigilance 感性的警惕 performance dimension 业绩标准 performance evaluation 业绩评估 performance measures 表现/业绩测度 performance objective 绩效目标 performance standards 绩效标准 performance 功能 perishability 非持久性 personal selling 人员推销 personal sources 个人的信息来源 personnel development 人力资源开发 persuasive 说服性的

pharmaceuticals industry 医药行业 physical(product)positioning 物理（产品）定位 physical descriptors 物理变量 physical distribution 实物分销 Pillsbury 皮尔斯博瑞 pioneers 先入者 Pizza Hut 必胜客 place utility 地点效用

planning and control system area audit 计划与控制系统领域的审计 point of sale information 销售点信息

point-of-purchase(POP)promotion 采购点促销 point-of-sales(POS)data 销售点数据 pontificator 保守派 popularity 通用性

population trends 人口趋势

portfolio models for resource allocation 资源配置的资产组合模式 position intensity 地位集中程度 positioning 定位

possession utility 拥有效用

post-purchase dissonance 购买后的不协调 post-purchase evaluation 购买后评估 post-purchase/after-sale service 售后服务 potential advantages 潜在优势 potential customer 潜在顾客 potential market 潜在市场

potential target market 潜在目标市场 power in distribution 分销权力 power of buyers 购买者能力 power of suppliers 供应商能力 predatory pricing 掠夺性定价法

pre-empting scarce resources 先占稀缺资源 preferential treatment 特惠待遇 premiums 额外奖励

present competitors 现有的竞争者 presenting sales message 提供销售信息 pre-test market research 测试前市场研究 price discrimination 价格歧视

price elasticity of demand 需求的价格弹性 price fixing 价格设定 price leaders 价格领导者 price lining 价格排列定价法 price promotion 价格促销 price quotation 报价 price sensitivity 价格敏感度 price structure 价格结构 price 价格

price/earnings ration 价格/收益比 price-off promotions 降价促销 price-setting process 定价过程 pricing adjustments 定价调整 pricing policies 价格策略 pricing 定价

primary demand 基本需求 primary sources 第一类/主要数据 print media 印刷媒体

private/for-profit organization 私营/盈利性组织

PRIZM(Potential Rating Index for Zip Markets)按邮政区划为基础的潜力等级指数 proactive new-product development strategy 进取型新产品开发战略 probability sampling 概率抽样 problem formulation 界定问题 problem identification 确定问题 process management 过程管理 Procter & Gamble(P&G)宝洁公司 product line 产品线

product availability 产品的可获得性 product category 产品类别 product class 产品类别 product decisions 产品决策 product design 产品设计 product development 产品开发

product dimension or attributes 产品维度/属性 product evolution 产品演变 product features 产品特征 product intent share 产品倾向份额 product leadership 产品领导能力 product life cycle(PLC)产品生命周期 product life cycle curve 产品生命周期曲线 product line 产品线

product manager audit 产品经理审计 product offering 供应品

product organization of sales force 按产品组织销售队伍 product policies 产品策略 product positioning 产品定位 product quality 产品质量 product scope 产品范围 product space 产品位置 product specifications 产品规格 product systems 产品体系 product type 产品类型 product usage 产品用途 product 产品

product(ion)-oriented organization 产品/生产导向型组织 production 生产

product-line pricing adjustments 产品线定价调整

product-management organizational structure 产品管理组织结构 product-market entry control 产品－市场进入控制

product-related behavioral descriptors 与产品相关的行为变量 product's market characteristics 产品的市场特征 product-use testing 产品使用测试 pro-environment 环保

profit impact of market strategy(PIMS)市场战略的利润影响 profitability analysis 盈利性分析 profitability 盈利性/盈利能力

profitable survivor strategy 有利可图的生存者战略

project-company resource compatibility 项目与公司资源的协调性 projected profit-and-loss statement 预计损益表 projective tests 投影测试 promotion decisions 促销决策 promotion mix 促销组合 promotion policies 促销策略 promotion 促销

promotional allowance 促销折让 promotional effort 促销努力 promotional pricing 促销定价 promptness 及时性

prospector strategy 探索型战略 prospecting for customers 寻找顾客 psychographics 心理统计特征 psychological cost 心理成本 psychological pricing 心理定价法 public organization 公共组织 public relations 公共关系 public utilities 公共设施 publicity 公共宣传 pull strategy for control of distribution channels 分销渠道控制的拉式战略 pupil dilation 瞳孔扩张

purchase predisposition 购买倾向 purchasing agent 采购代理 purchasing contract 采购合同

purchasing manager/agent 采购经理／代理 purchasing power parity(PPP)购买力平价指数 push money/spiffs 佣金

push strategy for control of distribution channels 分销渠道控制的推式战略

Q qualifying prospects 审查潜在顾客资格 quality dimensions 质量维度 quality 质量

quantity discount 数量折扣 question marks 问题类 questioning 询问法 quotas 定额

R R & D expenditure 研究开发战略 race and ethnic origin 种族和民族 rack jobbers 供应超级市场的批发商 radio 无线电广播 rank ordering 排序 rate of adoption 采购率

rate-of-return/target return pricing 回报率/目标回报定价法 rational appeals 理性诉求 rationale 基本原理 raw materials 原材料

reactive and proactive responses 反应及前摄策略 reactive new-product development strategy reactor strategy 反应型战略 real estate 房地产 rebates 回扣 recall tests 记忆测试 receiver 接收者 reciprocity 利益互惠

recognition of problem/need 发现问题/需求 recognition tests 认知测试 recreation 娱乐业

recruitment and selection 招聘与选拔 recycling of packaging 包装回收（利用）Reebok 锐步

reference group 参照群体 referent power 参照权 refocus 巩固 refunds 退款

refusal to deal 拒绝经营 regression analysis 回归分析法 regulation 管制

related/concentric persification 相关/同心多元化 relational VMSs 相关式垂直营销系统

relative attractiveness of declining markets 衰退市场的相对吸引力 relative market potential 相对市场潜力 relative market share 相对市场份额 reliability 可靠性

repeat purchase behavior 重复购买行为 repetition 重复

repositioning 重新定位产品 requirements planning 需求计划 reseller 中间商

resident buyers 常驻采购员

resource allocation/deployment 资源配置 response strategies 反应策略

response to communication 传播响应 responsive strategy 反应型新产品开发战略 responsiveness 响应性

retail coverage strategy 零售范围战略 Retail Index 零售指数 retail outlets 零售店 retail sales 零售额

retailer co-operatives 零售商合作社 retailer 零售商

retailing trends 零售趋势

Return on Equity(ROE)权益回报率 Return on Investment(ROI)投资回报率 Return on Net Assets(RONA)净资产回报率 reverse engineering 反向工程 reward systems 奖励系统

rivalry determinants 竞争决定因素 rivalry 竞争对手

Robert Miles 罗伯特•迈尔斯 Rockwell 洛克威尔 Rolex 劳力士 Rolls-Royce 劳斯莱斯 roster 名册 Rover 罗佛公司

S salary 薪金

sales agents 销售代理商

sales analysis by customer 顾客销售分析 sales analysis by order size 订货规模的销售分析 sales analysis by product 产品销售分析 sales analysis by territory 区域销售分析 sales analysis 销售分析 sales forecasting 销售预测

sales force estimates 销售人员估计 sales force size 销售队伍规模 sales force 销售队伍 sales forecasting 销售预测 sales management 销售管理 sales organization 销售组织 sales performance 销售表现/业绩 sales personnel incentives 销售人员激励 sales personnel 销售人员 sales planning 销售计划 sales potential 销售潜力 sales promotion 销售促进/促销 sales territory 销售地区 sales trends 销售趋势 sales 销售额

sales/price reduction 销售/价格下降 sample design 样本设计 sample size 样本大小 sampling 抽样 sampling 提供样品 scale efficiency 规模效率 scaled measures 比例测度 scoring models 评判模型 screening of ideas 创意筛选 sealed bidding 招标 Sears 西尔斯

secondary sources 第二类/次要数据

second-but-better new-product development strategy 后者居上型新产品开发战略 security 证券业

segmentation and targeting 细分与目标选择 segmentation criteria 细分标准

segmentation descriptors 市场细分变量 segmentation 市场细分

Seiko 日本精工株式会社（全球著名的打印机生产商）selective demand 选择性需求 selective distribution 选择分销 selective exposure 选择性接触 selective perception 选择性感知/理解 selective retention 选择性保留 self-employed person 独立经营的个人 self-managing teams 自我管理团队 self-oriented 自我导向型 selling groups 销售团队

selling proposition 销售计划/提议 selling 推销/销售

service guarantees 服务保证 service industry 服务产业 service organization 服务组织 service quality 服务质量 service 服务

serviceability 服务能力 serviceability 适用性 services channels 服务渠道 servicing products 服务产品 servicing the account 客户服务 setting quotas 确定定额 shake-out stage 动荡阶段

shared programs/facilities 分享计划/设备

share-growth strategies for followers 追随者的市场份额增长战略 shareholder value 股东价值 share-maintenance 份额保持 Sherman Act, USA 美国谢尔曼法案 shopping goods 消费品 short-term memory 短期记忆 signal vehicle/carrier 信号载体

simulated test marketing 模拟市场测试 single-factor index 单因素指数法

single-line mass-merchandiser stores 单一类型产品专营连锁店 SKF 瑞典轴承公司

skimming and early withdrawal 撇脂与尽早撤离战略 skimming pricing 撇脂定价法

sleepwalker/contented underachievers 梦游者/很容易满足的人 slotting allowance 安置津贴 social acceptability 社会可接受性 social class 社会阶层 social objectives 社会目标

sociocultural environment 社会文化环境 soft goods 非耐用品 soft technology 软技术

sole ownership entry strategy 独享所有权的进入战略 Sony 索尼

source credibility 信息来源的可信度 source 广告信息来源 sources of data 数据来源

sources of new-product ideas 新产品创意来源 speciality goods 特殊品 speciality retailers 专营零售商 speciality stores 专营商店 specialization 专门化 spokesperson 代言人 Sprint 斯普林特

Standard Industrial Classification(SIC)标准工业分类代码 standardization strategy 标准化战略 standby positioning 备用定位 staple goods 日常用品 Starbucks 星巴克 stars 明星类

statement of job qualifications 工作要求说明 stock levels 库存水平stockless purchas stockless purchase arrangement 无存货采购计划 store brands 零售商品牌

straight commission compensation plan 纯佣金制薪酬方案 straight rebuy 直接再购

straight salary compensation plan 纯薪金制薪酬方案 strategic alliances 战略联盟

strategic business unit(SBU)战略经营/业务单位 strategic control 战略控制 strategic fit 战略协调性 strategic group 战略组 strategic inertia 战略惯性

strategic intent/objective 战略目标 strategic marketing program 战略营销计划 strategic pricing objectives 战略定价目标 strategic withdrawal 战略撤退 strategy constraints 战略影响因素

strategy formulation and implementation 战略制定和实施 strategy implementation 战略实施 strategy reassessment 战略重估 subculture 亚文化 subfactor 次级因素 substitute goods 替代品

substitution threat 替代产品的威胁 success rates 成功率 Sumitomo 住友商事

Sun Microsystems 太阳微系统 supermarkets 超级市场

supplementary media 辅助性广告媒体

suppliers' bargaining power 供应商的讨价还价能力 surrogate products 替代产品 survey 调查

survival pricing 生存定价法

sustainable competitive advantage 可持续的竞争优势 sweepstakes 彩票抽奖 switching cost 转换成本 symbols 符号 synergy 协同作用

T tabulation 制表 Taco Bell 塔可钟 tangibility 有形性 Tandem Computers target audience 目标受众

target level of product quality 产品质量标准 target or hurdle level 目标或难度水平target return price 目标回报价格 targeting strategy 目标市场选择战略 targeting 目标市场选择 taste 口味/喜好 team selling 团队销售 technical selling 技术销售

telecommunications industry 电讯产业 telemarketing 电话销售

television audience measurement 电视观众测量 television home shopping 电视家庭购物 territorial restrictions 地区限制 territories 区域

territory design and deployment 区域设计及部署 territory inventory 地区存货 test marketing 市场测试 testing new product 测试新产品

the American Association for Public Opinion Research 美国公共意见研究协会 the Council of American Survey Research Organization 美国调查研究组织委员会 the Fishbein Model 菲什宾模型

the Marketing Research Association 营销研究协会 theatre tests 现场测试

threat of new entrants 新进入者的威胁

three order-hierarchy models 三阶段层级结构模型 Tide 汰渍 Tiffany 达芙妮 Time 《时代周刊》 time frame 时间框架/要求 time pricing 时间定价 time utility 时间效用 Timex 天美时 title 所有权 Toshiba 东芝 total cost 总成本

total quality managemnt(TQM)全面质量管理 tough customer 苛刻的顾客 Toyota Motor Corporation 丰田 Toys 'R' Us 美国著名玩具零售商 tracking and monitoring 跟踪与监控 trade mark 商标

trade promotion 贸易促销 trade selling 贸易销售

trade/functional discounts 贸易/职能折扣 trade-in allowance 以旧换新折让 trading companies 贸易公司 traditional stores 传统商店 training 培训

transactional efficiency 交易效率

transaction cost analysis(TCA)交易成本分析 transportation 运输 trends 趋势

turnkey construction contract 监督建筑契约 turnover 人员流动

two-sided presentations 双向信息陈述 tying contracts 附带条件的合同 Tylenol 泰诺

types of advertising 广告种类 types of brand 品牌种类 types of costs 成本种类

U ultimate customers/end users 最终顾客/用户 underlying dimension 基本组成要素 uniform delivered pricing 统一运费定价法 Unilever 联合利华

Union Pacific Railroad 联合太平洋铁路 unit cost 单位成本 unit sales 单位产品销售额

unitary price elasticity 单位需求价格弹性 Universal Product Code(UPC)统一商品编码 universe（样本）总体

unrelated/conglomerate persification 复合多元化 unsought goods 非渴求产品 UPS 联合包裹服务 US Patent Office of the Department of Commerce 美国商务部专利局 USA Today 《今日美国》 usage 用途 use tests 使用测试 users 使用者

utility/price relationship 效用/价格关系

V VALS2 价值与生活方式体系2 value 价值

value-based planning 价值基础计划 variability 变化性 variable costs 可变成本 variable incentive 可变激励措施

variance decomposition analysis 偏差分解分析 VCR(video cassette recorder)录像机 vending sales 自动售货业

vending-machine operators 自动售货机经营商 vendor analysis 供应商分析

vertical integration 垂直/纵向一体化

vertical marketing systems(VMS)垂直营销系统 vision 愿景 Volvo 沃尔沃

W Wall Street Journal 《华尔街日报》 Wal-Mart 沃尔玛 Walt Disney 迪斯尼 want 欲求 warranty 质量保证 weight 加权 Wella 维拉 Wendy's 温迪 Whirlpool 惠而浦

wholesale clubs 批发俱乐部

wholesaler-sponsored voluntary chains 批发商发起的自愿连锁 wholesaling trends 批发趋势 win-back program 赢回（顾客）方案 working capital investment 周转资金投入 workload approach 计算工作量方法 World Wide Web(WWW)万维网

X Xerox 施乐

Y Yamaha 雅马哈

young urban trend setters 年轻的城市潮流领导者

Z zero defect 零缺陷 zone pricing 分区定价法

第三篇：What is Marketing市场营销专业英语（范文）

Text 1.1

What is marketing?

What does the term marketing really mean? Many people mistakenly think of it as advertising and selling.Given the number of commercials on television, in magazines and newspapers and all the signs and offers in and around the shops this is not surprising.However, advertising and selling are only two of several marketing functions, and not necessarily the most important ones.The most basic concept underlying marketing is that of human needs.We have many needs including ones such as affection, knowledge and a sense of belonging as well as the physical need for food, warmth and shelter.A good deal of our lives is devoted to obtaining what will satisfy those needs.Marketing can thus be defined as any human activity which is directed at satisfying needs and wants by creating and exchanging goods and value with others.Marketing has become a key factor in the success of western businesses.Today’s companies face stiff competition and the companies which can best satisfy customer needs are those which will survive and make the largest profits.

第四篇：国际贸易专业英语复习

国际贸易专业英语期末考试（开卷）

一、名词英译汉：1’*10=10，（来自课件）

二、句子英译汉：3’*10=30，（来自课件，注意：句子翻译要符合中文的语法习惯）

三、简答题：5’*4=20，（来自课件）

四、判断对错：1’*10=10，（来自课件）

五、阅读理解：15’*2=30，（关注中国商务部英文网，考查的是短语，句子翻译，文章的理解，要关注最近一段时间的新闻，对于像Policies,Topics,Services,上海自由贸易区的等一系列的内容的了解）

第五篇：专业英语复习1

REVIEW

Ⅰ.Translate the following words into English.1、比例与尺度proportion and scale2、黄金分割golden section3、折衷主义eclecticism4、功能主义functionalism5、后现代主义post-modernism6、极简抽象派艺术minimalism7、解构主义deconstruction, deconstructivism8、哥特式大教堂 Gothic cathedral9、哥特复兴Gothic Revival10、希腊神庙Greek temple11、凯旋门triumphal arch12、意大利文艺复兴Italian Renaissance13、公爵府邸ducal mansion14、多立克柱式，爱奥尼柱式，科林斯柱式Doric order, Ionic order, Corinthian order15、古典主义classicism16、装饰美学ornamental aesthetics17、注册建筑师licensed architect18、注册规划师licensed planner19、电气工程师electrical engineer20、注册结构工程师 licensed structural engineer21、设备工程师plant engineer22、机械工程师mechanical engineer23、景观建筑师landscape architect24、景观规划landscape planning25、场地规划site planning26、总体规划general planning27、方案设计schematic design28、初步设计preliminary design29、购物中心shopping center30、住宅组团housing cluster/group31、市政中心civic center32、居住区residential community33、居住密度residential density34、施工图与施工说明书working drawings and the specifications35、标准层平面typical floor plan36、立面与剖面elevation and section37、投标价格bid price38、详图detail drawing39、工程监理project supervision40、项目管理project management41、工程预算project budget42、咨询服务consulting service43、设计荷载design load44、自然通风natural ventilation45、标准荷载standard load46、剖断线section line47、空气调节系统 air-conditioning system48、建筑合同building contract49、三维空间three-dimensional space50、能源消耗 energy consumption151、供暖与通风 heating and ventilation52、给水排水 water supply and drainage53、暖气管道thermal flue, heating pipe54、建筑实践architectural practice55、环境质量quality of environment56、给水管supply pipe57、挑出压顶projecting coping58、落水管drain pipe59、过梁与悬臂梁 lintel and cantilever60、屋檐与山墙eaves and gable61、压力与拉力compression and tension62、亭子pavilion63、天窗dormer window64、避雷针lightning rod65、落地窗French window66、凸窗bay window67、上下推拉窗sash-window68、百叶窗louver window69、材料特性nature of material70、钢过梁steel lintel71、钢筋混凝土柱子 reinforced concrete column72、混凝土梁concrete beam73、钢筋混凝土楼板 reinforced concrete slab74、混凝土薄壳concrete shell75、承载力bearing strength76、楼梯踏步stair step77、承重墙bearing wall78、楼梯厅stair hall79、砖石结构masonry construction80、楼梯井stairwell81、超大型建筑结构（巨型结构）megastructure82、楼梯平台stair landing83、钢框架结构steel-frame construction84、楼梯栏杆stair railing85、地下地质构造 subsurface geological formation86、房间布置room layout87、日光浴室 solarium88、建筑创作architectural creation89、太阳能板 solar panel90、建筑草图architectural sketch91、投资成本 capital cost92、建筑构思architectural conception93、建筑成本 construction cost94、建筑布局architectural layout95、拱跨度arch span96、绘图比例尺drafting scale97、绘图板drafting board98、旧建筑改造renovation of old building99、声学设计 acoustic design 100、照明设计lighting design, illumination design101、人行道pedestrian walkway102、过街楼bridge gallery 103、展览馆exhibition building104、体育馆gymnasium105、办公楼office building106、体育场stadium107、保龄球馆bowling alley108、排式平房 row houses109、半独立式住宅 semi-detached house110、独立式住宅 detached house 111、幼儿园kindergarten, nursery school, infant school112、大城市形态的决定因素crucial elements of metropolitan form113、中央商务区 central business district114、地标与节点landmark and node 115、外部形态external form and image116、壁画与雕塑mural and sculpture 117、建筑工业化 building industrialization118、现有建筑 existing building 119、场所感的缺失absence of a sense of place120、房地产 real estate121、交通流线与停车场 circulation and parking122、交通量load of traffic 123、绿地覆盖率green coverage ratio124、周边地区 peripheral area 125、持久的平衡sustainable equilibrium126、城市更新 urban renewal 127、多功能高层建筑multi-use high-rise building128、低层中密度住宅群 low-rise medium-density cluster housing129、城市改造urban redevelopment130、城市布局 city layout 131、过境交通through-traffic highway132、城市化与郊区化urbanization and suburbanization133、城市分区规划city district planning134、城市膨胀 urban expansion 135、城市管理city administration, administration of city136、城市规划管理局city planning and administration bureau137、城市发展模式urban development pattern138、城市规模city size 139、公共设施分布utility distribution140、城市设计urban design 141、城市防灾规划disaster planning, calamity precaution planning142、城市抗震规划seismic planning, aseismatic planning143、城市风貌cityscape, city style and features144、城市城乡规划urban and rural planning, town and country planning145、城市天际线city skyline, skyline of town146、城市景观cityscape, city appearance147、城镇群（集合城市）conurbation 148、城市噪声city noise149、城市生态学 urban ecology 150、城市学，都市学 urbanology151、城市设施 urban facilities 152、城市散乱发展，城市扩张 urban sprawl153、城市网架 urban network154、城市复苏urban revitalization155、城市建设 urban construction 156、城市垃圾city refuse, town refuse157、城镇cities and towns158、城市规划委员会city planning commission, urban planning commission159、建筑规范building code160、绿色建筑green building161、摩天大楼设计 skyscraper design162、现代建筑modern architecture

Ⅱ.Complete the following sentences with the words given below, changing the form where necessary.Ⅲ.Match the words in Column A with their corresponding definitions or descriptions in Column B.Ⅳ.Translate the following sentences into Chinese.Ⅴ.Write a composition in English.